超聲波清洗(xi)的應用原理是什(shen)么(me)

溶劑真空(kong)清洗機之類的工業清洗設備中應(ying)用到的超聲(sheng)波清洗技(ji)術是原理呢(ni)？

超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)應用(yong)原理是由超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)發(fa)(fa)出的(de)高(gao)頻振蕩信號，通過(guo)換能器(qi)轉換成(cheng)高(gao)頻機械振蕩而(er)傳播到(dao)介質(zhi)，清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)溶(rong)劑中超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液中疏密相間的(de)向前輻射，使液體(ti)(ti)(ti)流動(dong)而(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)數(shu)以萬(wan)計的(de)微小(xiao)氣(qi)泡，存在(zai)于(yu)(yu)液體(ti)(ti)(ti)中的(de)微小(xiao)氣(qi)泡（空化(hua)(hua)核）在(zai)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)的(de)作用(yong)下振動(dong)，當聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)壓達(da)到(dao)一(yi)定值(zhi)時(shi)，氣(qi)泡迅(xun)速增長，然后突然閉(bi)合，在(zai)氣(qi)泡閉(bi)合時(shi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)沖擊波(bo)(bo)(bo)，在(zai)其(qi)周圍產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)上千個大氣(qi)壓力，數(shu)百度的(de)高(gao)溫，利用(yong)閉(bi)合時(shi)的(de)爆炸沖擊波(bo)(bo)(bo)破壞不(bu)溶(rong)性污物(wu)而(er)使它們分散于(yu)(yu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液中，當團體(ti)(ti)(ti)粒(li)子被油(you)污裹著而(er)粘附在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)件(jian)表(biao)面時(shi)，油(you)被乳化(hua)(hua)，固體(ti)(ti)(ti)粒(li)子即脫離，從而(er)達(da)到(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)件(jian)表(biao)面凈化(hua)(hua)的(de)目的(de)。由于(yu)(yu)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)(bo)固有(you)的(de)穿透力，所以可以清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)各種表(biao)面復雜，形狀(zhuang)特異(yi)的(de)物(wu)件(jian)，對(dui)(dui)小(xiao)孔(kong)和縫隙都有(you)很(hen)好(hao)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果，對(dui)(dui)不(bu)吸音或吸音系數(shu)小(xiao)的(de)物(wu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果最佳。